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Spectrum48 BASIC
Table of Contents Introduction Basic programming concepts Decisions Looping Subroutines READ, DATA, RESTORE Expressions Strings Functions Mathematical functions Random numbers Arrays Conditions The character set More about PRINT and INPUT Colours Graphics Motion BEEP Tape Storage The ZX Printer Other Equipment IN and OUT The memory The system variables Using machine code Appendix A: The character set Appendix C1: A description of the ZX Spectrum for reference Appendix B: Reports Appendix D: Example programs Appendix C2: The BASIC Appendix E: Binary and hexadecimal

Spectrum48 BASIC » Appendix A: The character set

This is the complete Spectrum character set, with codes in decimal and hex. If one imagines the codes as being Z80 machine code instructions, then the right hand columns give the corresponding assembly language mnemonics. As you are probably aware if you understand these things, certain Z80 instructions are compounds starting with CBh or EDh; the two right hand columns give these.

Code Character Hex Z80 Assembler after CB after ED
0 not used 00 nop rlc b  
1 not used 01 ld bc,NN rlc c  
2 not used 02 ld (bc),a rlc d  
3 not used 03 inc bc rlc e  
4 not used 04 inc b rlc h  
5 not used 05 dec b rlc l  
6 PRINT comma 06 ld b,N rlc (hl)  
7 EDIT 07 rlca rlc a  
8 Cursor left 08 ex af,af’ rrc b  
9 Cursor right 09 add hl,bc rrc c  
10 Cursor Down 0A ld a,(bc) rrc d  
11 Cursor Up 0B dec bc rrc e  
12 DELETE 0C incc rrch  
13 ENTER 0D dec c rrc  
14 number 0E ld c,N rrc (hl)  
15 not used 0F rrca rrc a  
16 INK control 10 djnz DIS rl b  
17 PAPER control 11 ld de,NN rlc  
18 FLASH control 12 ld (de),a rl d  
19 BRIGHT control 13 inc de rl e  
20 INVERSE control 14 inc d rl h  
21 OVER control 15 dec d rl l  
22 AT control 16 ld d,N rl (hl)  
23 TAB control 17 rla rl a  
24 not used 18 jr DIS rr b  
25 not used 19 add hl,de rr c  
26 not used 1A ld a,(de) rr d  
27 not used 1B dec de rr e  
28 not used 1C inc e rr h  
29 not used 1D dec e rr l  
30 not used 1E ld e,N rr (hl)  
31 not used 1F rra rr a  
32 space 20 jr nz, DlS sla b  
33 ! 21 ld hl,NN sla c  
34 ” 22 ld (NN),hl sla d  
35 # 23 inc hl sla e  
36 $ 24 inc h sla h  
37 % 25 dec h sla l  
38 & 26 ld h,N sla (hl)  
39 , 27 daa sla a  
40 ( 28 jr z,DlS sra b  
41 ) 29 add hl,hl sra c  
42 * 2A ld hl,(NN) sra d  
43 + 2B dec hl sra e  
44 , 2C inc ll sra h  
45 - 2D dec l sra l  
46 . 2F ld l,N sra (hl)  
47 / 2F cpl sra a  
48 0 30 jr nc,DlS    
49 1 31 ld sp,NN    
50 2 32 ld (NN),a    
51 3 33 inc sp    
52 4 34 inc (hl)    
53 5 35 dec (hl)    
54 6 36 ld (hl),N    
55 7 37 scf    
56 8 38 lr c,DlS srl b  
57 9 39 add hl,sp srl c  
58 : 3A ld a,(NN) srl d  
59 ; 3B dec sp srl e  
60 < 3C inc a srl h  
61 = 3D dec a srl l  
62 > 3E ld a,N srl (hl)  
63 ? 3F ccf srl a  
64 @ 40 ld b,b bit 0,b in b,(c)
65 A 41 ld b,c bit 0,c out (c),b
66 B 42 ld b,d bit 0,d sbc hl,bc
67 C 43 ld b,e bit 0,e ld (NN),bc
68 D 44 ld b,h bit 0,h neg
69 E 45 ld b,l bit 0,1 retn
70 F 46 ld b,(hl) bit 0,(hl) im 0
71 G 47 ld b,a bit 0,a ld i,a
72 H 48 ld c,b bit 1,b in c,(c)
73 I 49 ld cc bit 1,c out (c),c
74 J 4A ld c,d bit i,d adc hl,bc
75 K 4B ld c,e bit 1,e ld bc,(NN)
76 L 4C ld c,h bit 1,h  
77 M 4D ld c,l bit 1,l reti
78 N 4E ld c,(hl) bit 1,(hl)  
79 O 4F ld c,a bit 1,a ld r,a
80 P 50 ld d,b bit 2,b in d,(c)
81 Q 51 ld d,c bit 2,c out (c),d
82 R 52 ld d,d bit 2,d sbc hl,de
83 S 53 ld d,e bit 2,e ld (NN),de
84 T 54 ld d,h bit 2,h  
85 U 55 ld d,l bit 2,l  
86 V 56 ld d,(hl) bit 2,(hl) im 1
87 W 57 ld d,a bit 2,a ld a,i
88 X 58 ld e,b bit 3,b in e,(c)
89 Y 59 ld e,c bit 3,c out (c),e
90 Z 5A ld e,d bit 3,d adc hl,de
91 [ 5B ld e,e bit 3,e ld de,(NN)
92 / 5C ld e,h bit 3,h  
93 ] 5D ld e,l bit 3,l  
94 ^ 5E ld e,(hl) bit 3,(hl) im 2
95 _ 5F ld e,a bit 3,a ld a,r
96 ukp 60 ld h,b bit 4,b in h,(c)
97 a 61 ld h,c bit 4,c out (c),h
98 b 62 ld h,d bit 4,d sbc hl,hl
99 c 63 ld h,e bit 4,e ld (NN),hl
100 d 64 ld h,h bit 4,h  
101 e 65 ld h,l bit 4,1  
102 f 66 ld h,(hl) bit 4,(hl)  
103 g 67 ld h,a bit 4,a rrd
104 h 68 ld l,b bit 5,b in l,(c)
105 i 69 ld l,c bit 5,c out (c),l
106 j 6A ld l,d bit 5,d adc hl,hl
107 k 6B ld l,e bit 5,e ld hl,(NN),sp
108 l 6C ld l,h bit 5,h  
109 m 6D ld l,l bit 5,l  
110 n 6E ld l,(hl) bit 5,(hl)  
111 o 6F ld l,a bit 5,a rld
112 p 70 ld (hl),b bit 6,b in f,(c)
113 q 71 ld (hl),c bit 6,c  
114 r 72 ld (hl),d bit 6,d sbc hl,sp
115 s 73 ld (hl),e bit 6,e ld (NN),sp
116 t 74 ld (hl),h bit 6,h  
117 u 75 ld (hl),l bit 6,l  
118 v 76 halt bit 6,(hl)  
119 w 77 ld (hl),a bit 6,a  
120 x 78 ld a,b bit 7,b in a,(c)
121 y 79 ld a,c bit 7,c out (c),a
122 z 7A ld a,d bit 7,d adc hl,sp
123 { 7B ld a,e bit 7,e ld sp,(NN)
124     7C lda,h bit 7,h
125 } 7D ld al bit 7,l  
126 - 7E ld a,(hl) bit 7,(hl)  
127 © 7F ld a,a bit 7,a  
128 80 add a,b res 0,b  
129 81 add a,c res 0,c  
130 82 add a,d res 0,d  
131 83 add a,e res 0,e  
132 84 add a,h res 0,h  
133 85 add a,l res 0,l  
134 86 add a,(hl) res 0,(hl)  
135 87 add a,a res 0,a  
136 88 adc a,b res 1,b  
137 89 adc a,c res 1,c  
138 8A adc a,d res 1,d  
139 8B adc a,e res 1,e  
140 8C adc a,h res 1,h  
141 8D adc a,l res 1,i  
142 8E adc a,(hl) res 1,(hl)  
143 8F adc a,a res 1,a  
144 (a) 90 sub b res 2,b  
145 (b) 91 sub c res 2,c  
146 (c) 92 sub d res 2,d  
147 (d) 93 sub e res 2,e  
148 (e) 94 sub h res 2,h  
149 (f) 95 sub l res 2,l  
150 (g) 96 sub (hl) res 2,(hl)  
151 (h) 97 sub a res 2,a  
152 (i) 98 sbc a,b res 3,b  
153 (j) 99 sbc a,c res 3,c  
154 (k) 9A sbc a,d res 3,d  
155 (l) 9B sbc a,e res 3,e  
156 (m) 9C sbc a,h res 3,h  
157 (n) 9D sbc a,l res 3,l  
158 (o) 9E sbc a,(hl) res 3,(hl)  
159 (p) 9F sbc a,a res 3,a  
160 (q) A0 and b res 4,b ldi
161 (r) A1 and c res 4,c cpi
162 (s) A2 and d res 4,d ini
163 (t) A3 and e res 4,e outi
164 (u) A4 and h res 4,h  
165 RND A5 and l res 4,l  
166 INKEY$ A6 and (hl) res 4,(hl)  
167 PI A7 and a res 4,a  
168 FN A8 xor b res 5,b ldd
169 POINT A9 xor c res 5,c cpd
170 SCREEN$ AA xor d res 5,d ind
171 ATTR AB xor e res 5,e outd
172 AT AC xor h res 5,h  
173 TAB AD xor l res 5,i  
174 VAL$ AE xor (hl) res 5,(hl)  
175 CODE AF xor a res 5,a  
176 VAL B0 or b res 6,b ldir
177 LEN B1 or c res 6,c cpir
178 SIN B2 or d res 6,d inir
179 COS B3 or e res 6,e otir
180 TAN B4 or h res 6,h  
181 ASN B5 or l res 6,l  
182 ACS B6 or (hl) res 6,(hl)  
183 ATN B7 or a res 6,a  
184 LN B8 cp b res 7,b lddr
185 EXP B9 cp c res 7,c cpdr
186 INT BA cp d res 7,d indr
187 SOR BB cp e res 7,e otdr
188 SGN BC cp h res 7,h  
189 ABS BD cp l res 7,l  
190 PEEK BE cp (hl) res 7,(hl)  
191 IN BF cp a res 7,a  
192 USR C0 ret nz set 0,b  
193 STR$ C1 pop bc set 0,c  
194 CHR$ C2 jp nz,NN set 0,d  
195 NOT C3 jp NN set 0,e  
196 BIN C4 call nz,NN set 0,h  
197 OR C5 push bc set 0,l  
198 AND C6 add a,N set 0,(hl)  
199 <= C7 rst 0 set 0,a  
200 >= C8 ret z set 1,b  
201 <> C9 ret set l,c  
202 LINE CA jp z,NN set l,d  
203 THEN CB set l,e    
204 TO CC call z,NN set l,h  
205 STEP CD call NN set 1,l  
206 DEF FN CE adc a,N set 1,(hl)  
207 CAT CF rst B set 1,a  
208 FORMAT D0 ret nc set 2,b  
209 MOVE D1 pop de set 2,c  
210 ERASE D2 jpnc,NN set 2,d  
211 OPEN # D3 out (N),a set 2,e  
212 CLOSE # D4 call nc,NN set 2,h  
213 MERGE D5 push de set 2,l  
214 VERIFY D6 sub N set 2,(hl)  
215 BEEP D7 rst 16 set 2,a  
216 CIRCLE D8 ret c set 3,b  
217 INK D9 exx set 3,c  
218 PAPER DA jpc,NN set 3,d  
219 FLASH DB in a,(N) set 3,e  
220 BRIGHT DC call c,NN set 3,h  
221 INVERSE DD [prefixes instructions using ix] set 3,l  
222 OVER DE sbc a,N set 3,(hl)  
223 OUT DF rst 24 set 3,a  
224 LPRINT E0 ret po set 4,b  
225 LLIST E1 pop hl set 4,c  
226 STOP E2 jp po,NN set 4,d  
227 READ E3 ex (sp),hl set 4,e  
228 DATA E4 call po,NN set 4,h  
229 RESTORE E5 push hl set 4,l  
230 NEW E6 and N set 4,(hl)  
231 BORDER E7 rst 32 set 4,a  
232 CONTINUE E8 ret pe set 5,b  
233 DIM E9 jp (hl) set 5,c  
234 REM EA jp pe,NN set 5,d  
235 FOR EB ex de,hl set 5,e  
236 GO TO EC call pe,NN set 5,h  
237 GO SUB ED   set 5,l  
238 INPUT EE xor N set 5,(hl)  
239 LOAD EF rst 40 set 5,a  
240 LIST F0 ret p set 6,b  
241 LET Fl pop af set 6,c  
242 PAUSE F2 jp p,NN set 6,d  
243 NEXT F3 di set 6,e  
244 POKE F4 call p,NN set 6,h  
245 PRINT F5 push af set 6,l  
246 PLOT F6 or N set 6,(hl)  
247 RUN F7 rst 48 set 6,a  
248 SAVE F8 ret m set 7,b  
249 RANDOMIZE F9 ld sp,hl set 7,c  
250 IF FA jp m,NN set 7,d  
251 CLS FB ei set 7,e  
252 DRAW FC call m,NN set 7,h  
253 CLEAR FD [prefixes instructions using iy] set 7,l  
254 RETURN FE cp N set 7,(hl)  
255 COPY FF rst 56 set 7,a